What is a Polypectomy?
Polypectomy is a therapeutic procedure used to remove a polyp or abnormal tissue growth from the lining of the gastrointestinal tract. It can often be performed during an Upper GIT Endoscopy or Colonoscopy.
Depending on the size, location and type of the polyp, the doctor may use a snare, forceps or another endoscopic device to remove it. Small polyps may be removed quickly, while larger or more complex polyps can require additional time. Because polyps themselves generally do not contain pain-sensitive nerve endings, removal usually does not cause a separate cutting pain, although the underlying endoscopy or colonoscopy may still cause temporary discomfort.
Usually a Simple and Well-Tolerated Procedure
Polypectomy is a common endoscopic treatment. The removal technique varies according to the type of polyp, and cautery or heat is not required in every case.
Polyp Removal Is Usually Painless
Removing the polyp itself usually does not cause a separate cutting pain, although the endoscopy or colonoscopy may cause temporary discomfort.
Technique Depends on the Polyp
Cold snare, hot snare, forceps or other techniques may be used. Cautery, clips or another method may be used when needed to control bleeding.
Important for Cancer Prevention
Removing certain precancerous colon polyps can play an important role in reducing the risk of colorectal cancer.
How is a Polypectomy Performed?
The doctor selects the most appropriate removal technique based on the polyp’s size, shape, stalk, location and overall clinical assessment.
Identify the Polyp
The polyp is identified during Upper GIT Endoscopy or Colonoscopy and its size and location are carefully assessed.
Select the Appropriate Device
Depending on the polyp, biopsy forceps, a cold snare, hot snare or another endoscopic device may be used.
Remove the Polyp
The polyp is cut or resected. Cautery, clips or another technique may be used when needed to help control bleeding.
Pathology Examination
The removed tissue is sent to the laboratory so the polyp type can be identified and checked for precancerous or cancerous changes.
Sedation Is Not Mandatory in Every Case
The need for sedation depends on the type of procedure, the location and complexity of the polyp, patient comfort and the overall clinical situation. For both upper gastrointestinal and colonoscopic polypectomy, the decision about sedation is made according to individual patient needs and the doctor’s assessment.
What Should You Expect After the Procedure?
After an uncomplicated polypectomy, most patients remain under observation for a short period. Instructions about going home, eating and returning to normal activities depend on the procedure performed and whether sedation was used.
Mild Bloating
After colonoscopy, mild bloating or cramping can occur and usually settles within a short period of time.
Eating & Drinking
Once you are fully alert, food and drinks can usually be restarted according to the instructions given by your clinical team.
Pathology Result
The removed polyp is examined under a microscope. Results may take several days or longer depending on the laboratory.
When Should You Seek Medical Attention?
Polypectomy is commonly performed, but complications such as bleeding or perforation can occur uncommonly. Seek prompt medical attention if you develop severe or increasing abdominal pain, fever, dizziness, weakness, persistent rectal bleeding or a significant amount of blood after the procedure.
Removing a Polyp Today May Reduce Future Risk
Most polyps are harmless, but some can develop precancerous changes over time. Appropriate removal and pathology examination are therefore important parts of colorectal cancer prevention and future follow-up planning.