What is Endoscopic APC?
Endoscopic Argon Plasma Coagulation, or APC, is a non-contact thermal treatment used during endoscopy to control bleeding and treat selected abnormal tissue.
A thin APC probe is passed through the endoscope and a stream of ionized argon gas, or plasma, is directed at the target area. This delivers controlled heat energy that can coagulate bleeding vessels or ablate abnormal tissue without the probe touching the tissue directly. APC usually adds only a short amount of time to the endoscopic procedure.
Used for Selected Causes of Bleeding and Abnormal Tissue
APC can be useful when controlled endoscopic thermal treatment is needed to stop bleeding or ablate selected abnormal tissue in the gastrointestinal tract.
Active Bleeding
APC may be used to control bleeding from selected ulcers, vascular lesions, or tumors in the stomach or intestines.
Angiodysplasia
APC is commonly used to treat abnormal, fragile blood vessels that can bleed repeatedly.
Residual Polyp Tissue
In selected situations, APC may be used to ablate small areas of residual tissue after removal of a larger polyp.
Radiation Proctitis
APC is an established endoscopic treatment for bleeding caused by chronic radiation-related injury to the rectum.
Watermelon Stomach
APC may be used in the management of gastric antral vascular ectasia, or GAVE, which can cause chronic gastrointestinal bleeding.
Selected Abnormal Tissue
In some cases, APC may be used to treat small, flat, or residual abnormal tissue when considered appropriate by the doctor.
How is APC Performed?
APC is performed during endoscopy. The doctor controls the probe position, energy settings, and duration of treatment according to the target area.
Endoscopic Assessment
The bleeding point or abnormal tissue is first identified through the endoscope.
APC Probe Placement
A thin APC probe is passed through the working channel of the endoscope and positioned near the target area.
Argon Plasma Application
A controlled stream of argon plasma delivers heat energy to the target tissue without direct contact.
Reassessment
The doctor checks the treated area again to confirm adequate bleeding control or tissue ablation.
The Procedure is Designed to Be Comfortable
APC is usually performed as part of an endoscopy or colonoscopy. Sedation may be used depending on the type of procedure and the patient’s clinical condition. Sedation helps reduce anxiety and discomfort. The APC treatment itself usually does not cause a separate sharp pain, although the overall experience can vary between patients and procedures.
What Should You Expect After APC?
After APC, you will usually spend some time in the recovery area. If sedation was used, you may feel drowsy for a short period.
Mild Gas or Bloating
You may experience temporary bloating or gas after the procedure, which usually settles quickly.
Food & Drinks
Once you are fully awake and your clinical team approves, you can usually begin eating and drinking.
Repeat Sessions
Depending on the size, number, and type of areas being treated, more than one APC session may be needed.
What Should You Watch for After the Procedure?
If you take blood thinners or antiplatelet medicines, your doctor will advise when to restart them. You may be advised to avoid heavy exercise or straining for a short period. Follow all instructions about diet and medication. Seek prompt medical attention if you develop severe or worsening abdominal pain, vomiting blood, significant rectal bleeding, fever, dizziness, or unusual weakness.
APC is an Effective Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Treatment
Endoscopic Argon Plasma Coagulation can control selected forms of gastrointestinal bleeding and treat certain abnormal tissues without surgery or an external incision. If your doctor has recommended APC, the treatment plan will be based on the cause of your condition, the location of the target area, and your overall health.